The zypper utility has a very feature-richsearch utility built in that allows you to quicklyandefficiently search through all, or certain, repositories for packages. Having the searchutility right at your fingertips adds to making software maintenance very easy. Table 2-6shows some of the most useful search commands for zypper.
Table 2-6: Useful zypper Search Commands| Command Abbreviation Description |
| search se Use with a search pattern to narrow the search query or without to see all available packages. Use –t to specify a resolvable to limit searching to. |
| patches pch Search for and display all known patches. |
| patch-info Include the patch name in the command to display full information about that patch. |
Table 2-6: Useful zypper Search Commands(continued)| Command | Abbreviation | Description |
| info | if | Include the package name to show full information about that package. |
| list-updates | lu | List all available updates. |
The following example shows how to add a repository and search for packages and patches using the zypper command. In this example, we’ll tackle software drivers for wireless networking cards, because you often require extra repositories to find drivers for wireless cards, and because the drivers get patched frequently. If your system sportsa wireless card, you’ll often want to install driver packages for your card, or downloadpatches to update those drivers.
The Madwifi (http://madwifi.org/) project provides a SUSE repository of packagesforthe popular Atheros chipset, a chipset used in wireless networkingcards from manyvendors. For installing wireless networking kernel drivers, having a repository customtailored for your SUSE system can be very handy.
Start by adding the Madwifi install location using the zypper command in the same way as the previous example. Make sure you are adding the correct install location fortheversion of openSUSE you are running. Because we are using openSUSE 10.3 for this chapter, we’ll add the 10.3 install location (change this for your version if neces- sary) and name the repository madwifi.
# zypper ar http://madwifi.org/suse/10.3/ madwifi
You can now use the zypper command to perform a case-insensitive search of anything you want. You can see in the results that the search returned case-insensitive results for the original term.
# zypper se wIFi
* Reading installed packages [100%]
S | Repository | Type | Name | Version | Arch
--+-----------------+---------+-----------------+-------------------+-----
...
| testcdrom | package | iwlwifi-kmp-x...| 0.1.16_2.6.22....| i586
| madwifi | package | madwifi | 0.9.3.2-1 | i586
...
If you search for something more generic, you’ll see that zypper searches across all enabled repositories, and reports back with the packages and repositories where the search query was found:
# zypper se util
* Reading installed packages [100%]
S | Repository | Type | Name | Version | Arch
--+-----------------+---------+-----------------+-----------------+------- v | openSUSE-10.3...| package | alsa-utils | 1.0.14-25 | i586
i | http://downlo...| package | alsa-utils | 1.0.14-27 | i586 v | testcdrom | package | alsa-utils | 1.0.14-25 | i586
| openSUSE-10.3...| package | apache2-utils...| 2.2.4-66 | i586
...
In the first column of the output is the package Status. A v or i in this columnindicates that another version of the package is installed, or the package, as listed, is already installed. The second column shows in which Zypper repository the search word was found. The Type describes the type of resolvable the line refers to. Nameand Version are obvious, and Arch lists whether this package is compiled for a specific system architecture.
Zypper uses something called resolvables to designate the different types of resources you want it to work with. A resolvable can be a package, patch, pattern, language,or product. You can select the different types of resolvables using the –t flag along with the resolvable you want to act on:
# zypper se -t patch
S | Repository | Type | Name | Version | Arch
--+-----------------+-------+-----------------+-----------+-------
| openSUSE-10.3...| patch | fetchmsttfont...| 4347-0 | noarch i | | patch | update-test-a...|2609-0 | noarch
To limitthe patch search to a specific piece of software, you could add a search pattern to the
zypper command:
# zypper se -t patch msttfont
* Reading installed packages [100%]
S | Repository | Type | Name | Version | Arch
--+-------------------------+-------+-------------------+---------+-------
| openSUSE-10.3-Updates...| patch | fetchmsttfonts.sh | 4347-0 | noarch
To search the language resolvables, use the –t language command to show just language resolvables instead of packages. To look for the Estonian language packs, for example, you would use a zypper command such as:
# zypper se -t language et
* Reading installed packages [100%]
S | Repository | Type | Name | Version | Arch
--+------------+----------+------+-----------+------- i | | language | et | | noarch
You can also use the zypper command to list available software patches by way of the
pch command:
# zypper pch
* Reading repository ‘openSUSE-10.3-DVD 10.3’ cache
* Reading repository ‘madwifi’ cache
* Reading repository ‘ftp.gwdg.de’ cache
* Reading repository ‘Main Repository (NON-OSS)’ cache
* Reading repository ‘openSUSE-10.3-Updates’ cache
* Reading repository ‘testcdrom’ cache
* Reading repository ‘Main Repository (OSS)’ cache
* Reading installed packages [100%]
Repository: | Name | Version | Category | Status
---------------+-------------------+---------+----------+----------- openSUSE-10....| fetchmsttfonts.sh | 4347-0 | optional | Not Needed
To view more information about the fetchmsttfonts.sh patch, you can issue the patch-info command to zypper along with the field from the Name column. It must match the Name column exactly:
# zypper patch-info fetchmsttfonts.sh
* Reading repository ‘openSUSE-10.3-DVD 10.3’ cache
...
Name: fetchmsttfonts.sh
Version: 4347-0
Arch: noarch Status: Not Needed Category: optional
Created On: Fri 21 Aug 1970 02:15:19 AM CDT
...
You can also view similarinformation about a package (rather than a patch) by issuing the
info command with zypper:
# zypper info alsa-utils
...
Information for package alsa-utils:
Repository: Main Repository (OSS) Name: alsa-utils
Version: 1.0.14-27
Arch: i586
Installed: Yes Status: up-to-date Installed Size: 1.6 M
Summary: Advanced Linux Sound Architecture Utilities
Description:
<!-- DT:Rich -->
<p>This package contains utility programs supporting ALSA, Advanced Linux Sound
Architecture.
</p>
You can also use the zypper command to list all available updates it knows about:
# zypper lu
* Reading repository ‘openSUSE-10.3-DVD 10.3’ cache
* Reading repository ‘madwifi’ cache
* Reading repository ‘Guru’s RPM site’ cache
* Reading repository ‘Main Repository (NON-OSS)’ cache
* Reading repository ‘openSUSE-10.3-Updates’ cache
* Reading repository ‘testcdrom’ cache
* Reading repository ‘Main Repository (OSS)’ cache
* Reading installed packages [100%] No updates found.
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